class 12 haloalkanes and haloarenes organic chemistry
methods of preparation for haloalkanes and haloarenes and all structures of halo alkanes and haloarenes along with concept
All Structures of Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Haloalkanes
Naming of haloalkanes using the IUPAC system
Structures and properties of different types of haloalkanes (methyl halides, primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl halides)
Haloarenes
Naming of haloarenes using the IUPAC system
Structures and properties of different types of haloarenes (fluoroarenes, chloroarenes, bromoarenes, and iodoarenes)
Haloalkanes
4. From Benzene
Electrophilic substitution reactions of benzene with halogens
Halogenation of benzene using halogens or halogen carriers
3. From Alkanes
Free radical halogenation of alkanes
Halogenation of alkanes with halogens in the presence of sunlight
1. From Alcohols
Reaction of alcohols with phosphorus tribromide
Treatment of alcohols with hydrogen halides
Williamson synthesis using alkyl halides
2. From Alkenes
Addition of hydrogen halides to alkenes
Halogenation of alkenes with halogens
Electrophilic halogenation of alkenes
Haloarenes
1. From Phenols
Treatment of phenols with hydrogen halides
Reaction of phenols with phosphorus tribromide
2. From Benzene
Electrophilic substitution reactions of benzene with diazonium salts of halogens
Electrophilic substitution reactions of benzene with halogens in the presence of Lewis acids
Concept
Importance of haloalkanes and haloarenes in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical industry
Understanding the role of halogens in these compounds
Concept of haloalkanes and haloarenes
In class 12 organic chemistry, you will learn about haloalkanes and haloarenes. Haloalkanes are organic compounds that contain one or more halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine) attached to a carbon atom. Haloarenes are aromatic compounds that contain one or more halogen atoms attached to a carbon atom in a benzene ring.
Overall, the study of haloalkanes and haloarenes in class 12 organic chemistry provides a foundation for understanding the properties, reactions, and importance of these compounds in various fields including pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and industrial applications.
6. Reactions of haloalkanes and haloarenes with nucleophiles and bases: You will learn how haloalkanes and haloarenes react with nucleophiles and bases, and how the reaction conditions affect the reaction outcome.
4. Chemical reactions: You will study the various reactions that haloalkanes and haloarenes undergo, including substitution reactions, elimination reactions, and nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions.
7. Environmental impact: You will also study the environmental impact of haloalkanes and haloarenes, as these compounds are harmful to the environment and tend to bioaccumulate.
2. Preparation methods: You will study various methods for the synthesis of haloalkanes and haloarenes, such as halogenation of alkanes and halogenation of benzene.
5. Mechanisms of reactions: You will explore the mechanisms involved in the reactions of haloalkanes and haloarenes, such as SN1, SN2, E1, and E2 reactions.
3. Physical properties: You will learn about the physical properties of haloalkanes and haloarenes, such as boiling points, melting points, and solubilities.
1. Nomenclature of haloalkanes and haloarenes: You will learn how to name these compounds using the IUPAC naming system.
Here are some topics that you will cover in this class
