Stereochemistry is the study of the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in molecules and how it affects chemical properties and reactions.

It is essential in understanding the behavior and interactions of molecules in biological systems and drug design.

Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different spatial arrangements.

Stereoisomers are a type of isomer that have the same connectivity but differ in the arrangement of atoms in space.

Chirality is the property of a molecule that is not superposable on its mirror image.

Chiral molecules have an asymmetric carbon atom or a chiral center that gives rise to two enantiomers.

Chirality has profound implications in biology, pharmacology, and organic synthesis.

Stereocenters are atoms in a molecule that can give rise to stereoisomers.

The configuration at a stereocenter refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms or groups around it.

It can be determined by the priority rules based on the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) system.

Resolution is the separation of a racemic mixture into its individual enantiomers.

It can be achieved through various techniques, such as crystallization, chromatography, and enzymatic reactions.

Racemization is the interconversion of enantiomers, typically through chemical or physical processes.

Stereochemical nomenclature is a set of rules that allows the unambiguous description and naming of stereoisomers.

It includes terms like (R) and (S) for absolute configuration and cis-trans or E-Z for relative configuration.

The IUPAC system provides guidelines for naming stereoisomers based on their structure and configuration.

Stereochemical analysis involves the determination of the stereochemistry of a molecule using various spectroscopic, crystallographic, and computational methods.

Techniques such as NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and molecular modeling are commonly used.

The results of stereochemical analysis provide valuable insights into the structure and properties of molecules.