MindMap Gallery Metabolism of Lipids

Metabolism of Lipids

This is a mind map of the metabolism of lipids. Lipids are fatty, waxy, or oily compounds that are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in polar solvents such as water.

Edited at 2022-11-27 19:08:19

Muralisankar A

Metabolism of Lipids

Muralisankar A

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Outline

Metabolism of lipids

Fatty acid oxidation

Beta oxidation

Oxidation of fatty acid on the beta C- atom

Sequential removal of 2 carbon units, acetyl CoA

3 stages

Fatty acid activation

FA is converted to fatty acyl CoA by Thiokinases/acyl CoA synthetases

2 ATPs are consumed

Transport of Acyl CoA into mitochondria

Inner mitochondrial mebrane is impermeable to acyl CoA

Crnitine carrier system transport acyl CoA to mitochondria

Beta oxidation proper

Mitochondrial matrix

4 reactions

oxidation

Hydration

Oxidation

Cleavage

Energetics of palmotoyl CoA

Disorders

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Def of Acyl CoA dehydrogenase

Jamaican Vomiting Sickness

Unripe ackee fruit-hypoglycine A

Inhibits acyl CoA dehydrogenase

Oxidation of odd chain FA

Propionyl CoA

Alpha oxidation

Removal of One carbon unit at a time

Omega oxidation

Hydroxylation followed by oxidation of omega carbon

Ketone bodies

Water soluble, energy yielding

ACETONE

ACETOACETATE

BETA HYDROXY BUTYRATE

Production increase in starvation and diabetes

Overproduction

Ketonemia

Ketonuria

FA synthesis

Liver, Kidney, Adipose tissue, Lactating mammary glands

Cytosomal fraction

3 stages

Production of acetyl CoA and NADPH

Conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA

Reactions of FA synthase complex

FAS is a multienzyme complex

Pamitate is the end product

Unsaturated FA are synthesised by Fatty acyl CoA desaturase cenzyme

CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM

27 carbon containing steroid compound

1g cholesterol is synthesised daily

Liver, intestine, skin, adrenal cortex, reproductive tissue

Cytosol and microsomal fraction

5 stages

Synthesis of HMG CoA (6C)

Formation of mevalonate (6C)

Production of isoprenoid units (5C)

Synthesis of squalene (30 C)

Conversion of squalene to cholesterol (27 C)

Degradation of Cholesterol

Bile acids

Primary- Cholic acid, Chenodeoxy cholic acid

Secondary- deoxy cholic acid, Lithocholic acid

Cholelithiasis

Gall stone disease

Chenodiol-treatment

Normal range of cholesterol in serum- 150-200 mg/dl