MindMap Gallery Giant Covalent Bonding

Giant Covalent Bonding

This mindmap is about Giant covalent bonding. It has mapped out information on the allotrpoic forms of carbon, examples of them and some fun facts based off the newly discovered 'buckyballs'. Come to Edrawmind to find more mindmaps.

Edited at 2022-07-08 15:37:01

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Giant Covalent Bonding

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Outline

Giant Covalent Bonding

Allotropic forms of carbon

an element is said to exhibit allotropy if it occurs in 2 or more forms

Diamond

made up of only carbon atoms

every carbon atom is bonded to 4 other crabon atoms by strong covalent bonds

giant covalent structure

High melting point

large amount of energy required to break the strong covalent bonds between carbon atoms in the giant molecular structure

non - conductor of electricity

no delocalised electrons as all valence electrons of each carbon atoms are used for covalent tbonding

Graphite

found in sand

consists of seperate layers of carbon atoms

carbon atoms are arranged in regular hexagons in flat parallel layers

carbon forms strong covalent bonds with 3 other carbon atoms

forms rings of 6 carbon atoms which are joined together to for 2 - dimensional layers

no strong bonding in between layers

they are easily seperable from each other

held together by weak forces of attraction

so the layers slide over each other easily when a force is applied

accounts for softness and lubricating power of graphite

physical properties

high melting and boiling points

forces of attraction between layers are weak

but a lot of energy is still needed to break the strong covalent bonds between carbon atoms within layers

this can cause a change of state

Good conductor of electricity

each carbon atom has 1 valence electron that isn't used to form covalent bonds

delocalised electrons move freely along layers from one C.A. to another when graphite is connected to a circuit

this causes an electric current to flow, causing graphite to conduct electricity

Soft and slippery

when a force is applied

weak forces of attraction between the layers of carbon atoms are easily overcome

so layers can easily slide over one another

Silicon dioxide

giant covalent structure

structure similar to diamond

similar physical properties

used to produce glass

each silicon atom is bonded to 4 oxygen atoms

each oxygen atom is bonded to 2 oxygen atoms

atoms are held together by strong covalent bonds

high melting points

Fun facts

Fullerene

a molecule made up of carbon atoms

arranged in the form of a

hollow sphere

called 'buckyballs'

cylinder

called 'carbon nanotubes'

amorphous forms of carbon

most reactive form of carbon

does not have any crystalline structure

burns relatively easily in air

serving as a fuel

has structural features of graphite

has sheets and layers

atomic structure is irregular