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Mind Map Of CPR

This is a Mind Map Of CPR. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure that combines chest compressions with artificial ventilation to maintain brain function until further measures are done to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person who has had a cardiac arrest. It's suggested for people who are unresponsive and have no or abnormal breathing, such as agonal respirations. Adults should have their chests compressed between 5 cm (2.0 in) and 6 cm (2.4 in) deep and at a rate of at least 100 to 120 per minute during CPR. The rescuer can also administer artificial ventilation by exhaling air into the subject's mouth or nose (mouth-to-mouth resuscitation) or pushing air into the subject's lungs with a device (mechanical ventilation). Current guidelines prioritize early and high-quality chest compressions over artificial ventilation; for novice rescuers, a simplified CPR procedure including simply chest compressions is advised. However, current American Heart Association guidelines suggest that doing just compressions on children may potentially worsen results, because such difficulties in children are more likely to be caused by respiratory issues than cardiac ones, given their young age. In adults, the chest compression to breathing ratio is fixed at 30 to 2. CPR alone is unlikely to bring the heart back to life. Its primary goal is to reestablish a partial supply of oxygenated blood to the brain and heart. The goal is to postpone tissue death and lengthen the window of opportunity for a successful resuscitation without causing lasting brain damage. You can see more mind map templates that shows everything people want to express in EdrawMind's community.

Edited at 2022-04-09 13:54:32

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Mind Map Of CPR

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Outline

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

1. Definition

CPR stands for CardioPulmonary Resuscitation, an emergency procedure that is a combination of chest compressions and artificial ventilation (breathing) used to save a person’s life when a person’s heart stops beating or breathing ceases. When performed right away, CPR can increase a person’s chances of survival after cardiac arrest.

2. Assess for signs of life or response

A – Airway

Look, listen, feel for patency/added noises

Optimise head position

Consider simple airway manoeuvres (head-tilt chin-lift or jaw thrust)

Suction secretions/blood/vomit

B – Breathing

Look for chest rise and fall and auscultate

Commence artificial ventilation with self-inflating bag-valve-mask or anaesthetic t-piece using 100% oxygen

Consider oro/nasopharyngeal airway for upper airway obstruction

Consider 2-person technique for poor mask seal

Intubation should be considered for persistent obstructed airway or at some stage during CPR

Monitor for return of spontaneous circulation

Ensure adequacy of ventilation

C - Circulation

If no signs of life continue CPR

If signs of life assess pulse

Palpate central pulse (brachial, femoral, carotid)

Assessment of pulse can be difficult and inaccurate

If no pulse, slow pulse (<60 in an infant) or unsure, continue CPR

Determine the cardiac rhythm: shockable or non-shockable

3. Attention

DO NOT interrupt CPR except for rhythm check or defibrillation

4. Medications

Adrenaline

Shockable and non-shockable cardiac arrest path Non vagus-induced bradycardia

Dose

10 microgram/kg = 0.1 mL/kg IV/IM/IO

Amiodarone

Shock resistant ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia

Dose

5 mg/kg IV/IO

5. During resuscitation

Correct treatable causes

Hypoxaemia

Hypovolaemia

Hypo/hyperthermia

Hypo/hyperkalaemia

Tamponade

Tension pneumothorax

Toxins/poisons/drugs

Thrombosis

6. Defibrillator operator instructions

"HANDS OFF” – pad placement or DC shock – “Continue CPR" – “HANDS ON”

Continue CPR

Oxygen away

All clear

Charge

Hands off

Evaluate rhythm

Defibrillate or ‘dump charge’

Continue CPR until the next designated rhythm check

Gain IV access as soon as possible

If DC shock delivered, recommence CPR immediately for 2 minutes prior to rhythm check

For rhythm check consider “COACHED”

7. Technique

External cardiac compression

CPR rate for all ages 100–120 bpm

Ratio for CPR is 2 breaths : 15 compressions

Once patient intubated compressions and breaths are independent of each other: compressions continue at rate 100–120 bpm and breaths at rate of 10 bpm

Place the child on a firm surface. If on a bed, place the cardiac compression board under the patient, not under the mattress

Perform external cardiac compressions to the lower half of the sternum in all patients including newborns

Compress sternum 1/3 the depth of the chest

Use the hand technique that allows you to achieve this:

For newborn infants the best technique is a two-handed hold in which both thumbs compress the sternum

8. Post resuscitation care - following return of spontaneous circulation

Re-evaluate ABCD

Ensure airway and breathing are managed effectively, including intubation if not already performed; do not extubate

Titrate inspired to achieve normal saturations, avoid excessive oxygenation

Ventilate to normal CO2

Perform CXR to confirm ETT in desired position and check for complications of CPR (pneumothorax, rib fractures, aspiration)

Maintain normal blood pressure appropriate for age with use of inotropes as needed

Perform 12 lead ECG

Monitor for further arrhythmias and consider ongoing anti-arrhythmic medication

Consider echocardiography to monitor contractility and exclude tamponade

Check haemoglobin, pH, electrolytes and glucose and correct as necessary

Aim for normal temperature (avoid hypo/hyperthermia)

Use adequate sedation and analgesia

Students work

Hadi alsharyah

Mohammed alzaedy

Mashael alrashdi

Shua’a alenazi

Ahlam almurashi

Atropine, lidocaine, sodium bicarbonate and calcium are only considered in specific situations