Mind Map Gallery Unit 4-Sensation and Perception

Unit 4-Sensation and Perception

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Edited at 2020-10-09 06:14:29

Captain O Captain

Unit 4-Sensation and Perception

Captain O Captain

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Outline

Unit 4-Sensation and Perception

Principles of Visual Perception

Gestalt Rules

Several Factors influence how we will groupobjects

Proximity, Similarity, Continuity, Closure

Constantcy

Our ability to maintain a constant perception ofan object despite movement

Size constancy, Shape constancy, Brightnessconstancy

Perceived Motion

Ability to gauge motion

Depth Cues

Monocular Cues

Linear Perspective, Relative Size, InterpositionCue, Texture Gradient

Binocular Cues

Binocular Disparity, Convergence

Perceptual Theories

Signal Detection Theory

Investigates the effects of the distractions andinterference we experience while perceiving theworld

Top-Down Processing

We perceive by filling in gaps in what we sense

Bottom-Up Processing

We use the features of the object itself to builda complete perception

Smell

Olfaction

Molecules settle in a mucous membrane at thetop of each nostril and are absorbed byreceptor cells located there

Olfactory bulb

Olfactory receptors

Thalamus

Touch

Gate Control Theory

Some pain messages have a higher priority thanothers

Taste

Taste buds absorb the chemicals from the foodwe eat

Sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami

Hearing

Amplitude

height of the wave and determines the loudnessof the sound

Frequency

the length of the waves, determines the pitch

Outer ear, eardrum, hammer, anvil, stirrup,cochlea, hair cells

Pitch Theories

Place Theory: the hair cells in the cochlearespond to different frequencies of sound basedon where they are located in the cochlea

Frequency Theory: hair cells sense the upperrange of pitches but not the lower ones

Vision

Order of reflected light in eyes: Cornea, pupil,lens, retina

Accommodation: light that enters the pupil isfocused by the lens

Transduction: translation of incoming stimuliinto neural signals

Visual Cortex

Trichromatic Theory

We have three types of cones in the retina

Opponent Process Theory

Sensory receptors arranged in the retina comein pairs (red/green, yellow/blue, black/white)