Mind Map Gallery Immune System Concept Map
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Immune System Concept Map
The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.
Edited at 2020-10-08 06:02:00
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- Outline
Immune-System-Concept-Map
Adaptive/Acquired Immunity
- SUPER ELITE DOUBLESECRET STRIKE FORCEDELTA
- Active Immunity
- when your body has to recognizeantigens and produce antibodies
- vaccines
- injected weakened or dead viruses soyour body can become immune to thevirus
- vertebrates only
- develops more slowly to allow tolearn about the pathogen beforeattacking
- humoral response
- activation of B cells
- cell-mediated immune response
- activation of cytotoxic T Cells
- Antigens
- signs that cause your immune system tocreate an antibody against detectedpathogen
- "antibody generator"
- antibodies...
- not cells
- produced by B cells
- they cannot kill
- however they can swarm aroundinvaders making it very difficult for themto move
- they can also attach themselves to the badguys and send out chemical messages tophagocytes
- lymphocytes
- T Cells
- SEE DESCRIPTION IN LEUKOCYTES
- B Cells
- SEE DESCRIPTION IN LEUKOCYTES
Innate Immunity
- Passive Immunity
- injected with antibodies or givenfrom your mother
- your body gets antibodieswithout actually making them
- when you are a baby
- placenta
- breast milk
- every animal has this
- also called non specific
- faster?
- protects against ALL pathogens
- barrier defences
- 1st line of defense
- mucous membranes
- secretions
- skin
- tears
- sweat
- internal defences
- 2nd line of defense to barrier defenses
- phagocytes
- SEE DESCRIPTION IN LEUKOCYTES
- inflammation/ inflammatory response
- response to damage by injury or infection
- mast cells
- release of histomine
- brings in white blood cells to helpkill (helps with splinters orviruses)
- when your body acciddentaly thinks somethingis bad that really isn't, an allergic reactionoccurs
- when this occurs, we takeantihistamines to stop theallergies
- blood clots
- leukocytes
- SEE LEUKOCYTE DESCRIPTIONS
Leukocytes
- diapedesis
- when a white blood cell travels through capillariesthen arrives at point of infection, they send asignal then ooze through the capillary to heal
- phagocytes
- phagocytosis
- eat the viruses in the cell (asopposed to the natural killercells)
- natural killer cells
- circulate in the blood and killviruses, bacteria and cancerouscells
- MORE INFO IN INNATE IMMUNITY SECTION
- 4 kinds
- neutrophils
- move around bloodstream;quickly get to action
- when they eat infected cells,they die and become pus
- macrophages
- BIG and don't travel a lot
- they usually stay put around your vital organs
- they can detect rogue(cancerous) cell and alert otherimmune cells
- Antigen-presentation
- may occur in other cells, macrophagesis just one of the types that it happenson
- this is when a cell destroys a pathogen so itleaves part of the pathogens genetic code onitself.
- Helper T cells can read this and figure outwhat kind of pathogen it was and whatnot
- he figures this out because the macrophageproduces Interleukin 1, which explains to the TCell what happened
- The T cell then produces Interleukin 2
- he then produces himself into lots of helper Tcells, most of which become Effector T Cells (seeeffector T cells in T cell section)
- the rest become Memory T cells which just keeptrack of the genetic code of the stuff to providefuture prevention against it
- dendritic cells
- "mailman"
- they stay on the outside of your body
- eat pathogen and record theinformation then bring the info back toyour thymus
- allows things to move from the innateimmune system to the acquired immunesystem
- natural killer cells
- circulate in blood and kill viruses,bacteria and blood cells
- kill other body cells
- the only phagocytes to destroyand attack other human cells
- humans have MHC 1 when theyare healthy
- natural killer cells kill body cellsthat are not producing MHC1
- lymphocytes
- B Cells
- covered in antibodies that canattach to specific antigens
- memory B cell
- when pathogen comes, B cell reprodeces andmakes effector and memory cells (see hankgreen vid for illustration)
- do not become effectorcells
- they store the memory of theantibody created to provide futureimmunity
- effector/plasma cell
- use antibodies as a blueprint to make a crapton of anitbodies for that specific pathogen2/sec
- they attach to pathogens and keep them frommoving until the phagocyte can come and killit
- Mature in bone marrow
- T Cells
- Cytotoxic T Cells
- NOT phagocyes
- release enzymes that kll the cell
- defend against the infected cell
- helps with suicide
- if a body cell is infected anddoesn't want to spread
- it attaches itself to a normalcell presenting antigens
- it then puts an enzyme in it thatputs holes in the cell
- KILLER CELLS
- Memory T cells
- have previously encounteredand responded to antigen
- cells that keep track of howTHEY killed a pathogen (chickenpox)
- helper T cells
- attach to B cells to tell geneticmaterial of pathogen
- release T cell cytokineses
- they kinda call the shots for thewhole immune system
- mature in thymus
- coordinate the immune system and attack