Mind Map Gallery Morphology, word formation and lexicology
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Morphology, word formation and lexicology
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Edited at 2020-09-29 03:53:44
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Morphology, word formation and lexicology
Morphology: is the study of the basicbuilding blocks of meaning inlanguage, morphemes.
Free morphemes or roots: can appear as aword by itself.
Bound morphemes or affixes: can only appearas part of a multi-morphemic word.
Derivational morphemes: create new words
Inflectional morphemes: make minorgrammatical changes.
Prefixes
Suffixes
Infixes
Content morphemes: carry semantic content
Funtion morphemes: provide grammaticalinformation and syntactic agreement
Pragmatics: is the study of how peopledo things with words.
Speech acts: use language to accomplishcertain kinds of acts
Direct speech acts: 1) Assertion; 2) Question; 3)Orders and requests. Can include performativeverbs.
Indirect Speech Acts: not referring to literalmeaning.
Conversational implicature: the participants in aconversation are cooperating in an attempt toreach mutual goals. Include the maxims ofquantity, quality, relevance and manner.
Rhetorical Structure: embrace the relationshipsof phrases inside sentences and amongsentences or groups of sentences.
Managing the flow of reference in discourse totransmit the message.
Syntax: is the study of the formation ofsentences.
Lexicology: deals with vocabulary of thelanguage and the property of words asbasic units of the language.
General lexicology: is the broad study of thevocabulary.
Special lexicology: studies characteristicfeatures of the vocabulary of a specific language.
Contrastive lexicology: compares thevocabulary organization oftwo ormore languages.
Historical lexicology (etymology): studies theevolution of separate words and the vocabulary in general
Descriptive lexicology:studies the vocabulary ofa specific language at a certain stage of its development
Applied branches of lexicology: translation,lexicography, linguistic pedagogic andspeech culture.
Semantics: is the study of the relationbetween form and meaning.
The words meaning is given from the relations between words, concepts and things.
Referential theories of meaning: meaning isreference to facts or objects in the world,that is the denotation relation
Truth-conditional theory of semantics: to know the meaning of a declarative sentence is to know what the world would have tobe like for the sentence to be true. To give the meaning of a sentence is to specify its truth conditions,
Intensional semantics refers to the Truth-conditional semantics that is enriched with possible worlds: 1) hypothetical conditional sentences; 2) counterfactual conditional sentences.
The model-theoretic semantics: refers to modelsor structures. The worlds that can be construedin terms of abstract mathematical entities arecalled model.s
Cognitive and conceptual semantic theories: areconcerned with words that describe conceptsthat have no clear category boundaries andwhose members do not have an equal status.
Fillmore: words and other linguistic units
up to the sentence level are interpreted againstthe background of Frames. A frame is a structure of inferences, linked by linguistic
convention to the meanings of linguistic unit.
The symbolic function of the linguistic sign isbased of the comunication intention of users.and the convention of its use.