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History of MicroBiology
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Lisa Anderson
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Outline
History of MicroBiology
Science of Microbiology dates back 250 years
But MycoBacterium tuberculosis DNA has been discovered in 3000 years old Egyptian mummies
The science started by invention of Microscope in 1660 by robert hooke
Micrographia is a book written by him that describes Microscopic world
His study on thin slices of cork was the most famous microscopical observation
Coined the word Cell
Marked the beginning of Cell Theory (All living things are composed of cells)
Micrographia inspired Anton Van Leeuwenhook
No University degree or language skills
Passion to grind lenses and made simple microscopes
Discovered bacteria and protozoa
Discovery of Van Leeuwenhook led to Proposing of SPONTANEOUS GENERATION
Spontaneous Generation Theory: Life arise spontaneously from nonliving organic mater
Evidences to this Theory
John Needham: Heated nutrient fluids and poured them into covered flasks. were teeming with Micro Organisms when cooled
Lazzaro Spallanzani disapproved Needhom's theory because he thought the fluids were not boiled long enough But he also thought the source of Micro organisms was from the air as the flasks were covered only
BIOGENESIS THEORY
Radulf Virchow challened the Spontaneous Generation Theory with this Theory
LIving cells can arise only from preexisting living cells
Spontaneous Generation vs Biogenesis issue was finally resolved in 1861 by Louis Pasteur's experiment
A
filled several short necked flasks with Boiled broth and boiled the content , some of them sealed and some left opened
The ones Sealed after Boiling: No MicroOrganisms
B
Placed broth in open-ended long necked flasks bent into S shape and boiled the contents on the flasks and cooled, Unsealed them , No signs of life
Conclusions
1.Air passed through but curved neck trapped airborne Microorganisms
2,Microbial life can be present every where and can be destroyed by heat
3.Methods can be devised to block the access of airbone microorganisms to nutrient environments
Basis of ASPETIC TECHNIQUES
